What is the process of drawing district boundaries called?

The process of drawing district boundaries is known as redistricting. This process typically takes place after each decennial census in the United States when congressional and state legislative district boundaries are redrawn to reflect changes in population. Redistricting aims to ensure that districts have roughly equal populations, maintaining the principle of "one person, one vote."

While gerrymandering may refer to the manipulation of district boundaries to favor a particular political party or demographic, it is not the process itself but rather a potential outcome or tactic used during redistricting. Apportionment pertains to the allocation of seats in the legislature based on population, rather than the drawing of the boundaries. Boundary setting could be a generic term but does not specifically capture the political and demographic considerations involved in the redistricting process. Thus, redistricting is the most accurate term for this process.